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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2021-10-22 16:55
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of OMA Penalty by Inter-Arm Imbalance in Mach-Zehnder Silicon Optical Modulators
Tadashi Murao, Jun Ushida, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Masatoshi Tokushima, Akemi Shiina, Tsuyoshi Horikawa (PETRA) OCS2021-19 OPE2021-39 LQE2021-18
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) In this paper, an inter-arm imbalance and its impact on the optical modulation amplitude (OMA) are investigated for carrier-depletion Mach-Zehnder (MZ) silicon optical modulators. First, we propose a generalized form of the large-signal modulation efficiency (ME) that takes the nonlinear response to the voltages into account. It is revealed that this beneficial expression can serve as characterizing the inter-arm imbalance effectively and that the imbalance causes a push-pull imbalance. A beneficial quantification of the imbalance is proposed, namely, a push-pull-imbalanced penalty (PPIP), which is associated with the impact on device performance. The evaluation of the PPIP is demonstrated for the fabricated modulators on a 300-mm SOI wafer. The validity of the derivation is also confirmed by establishing a wafer-level fully-automated evaluation technique for the extinction ratio. Then, it is shown that another inter-arm imbalance also causes an OMA penalty in terms of the absorption loss and is quantified, namely, an absorption-loss-imbalanced penalty (ALIP). In order to evaluate this, we establish a methodology to measure the absorption loss in each arm separately without exploiting any special test element groups (TEGs).
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Wafer-level testing / Silicon modulator / Modulation efficiency / Optical modulation amplitude / / / /  
Reference Info. IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 121, no. 214, OPE2021-39, pp. 33-38, Oct. 2021.
Paper # OPE2021-39 
Date of Issue 2021-10-15 (OCS, OPE, LQE) 
ISSN Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380
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All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034)
Download PDF OCS2021-19 OPE2021-39 LQE2021-18

Conference Information
Committee OCS OPE LQE  
Conference Date 2021-10-22 - 2021-10-22 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English) Online 
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English)  
Paper Information
Registration To OPE 
Conference Code 2021-10-OCS-OPE-LQE 
Language Japanese 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of OMA Penalty by Inter-Arm Imbalance in Mach-Zehnder Silicon Optical Modulators 
Sub Title (in English)  
Keyword(1) Wafer-level testing  
Keyword(2) Silicon modulator  
Keyword(3) Modulation efficiency  
Keyword(4) Optical modulation amplitude  
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1st Author's Name Tadashi Murao  
1st Author's Affiliation Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association (PETRA)
2nd Author's Name Jun Ushida  
2nd Author's Affiliation Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association (PETRA)
3rd Author's Name Hiroyuki Takahashi  
3rd Author's Affiliation Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association (PETRA)
4th Author's Name Masatoshi Tokushima  
4th Author's Affiliation Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association (PETRA)
5th Author's Name Akemi Shiina  
5th Author's Affiliation Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association (PETRA)
6th Author's Name Tsuyoshi Horikawa  
6th Author's Affiliation Photonics Electronics Technology Research Association (PETRA)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2021-10-22 16:55:00 
Presentation Time 25 minutes 
Registration for OPE 
Paper # OCS2021-19, OPE2021-39, LQE2021-18 
Volume (vol) vol.121 
Number (no) no.213(OCS), no.214(OPE), no.215(LQE) 
Page pp.33-38 
#Pages
Date of Issue 2021-10-15 (OCS, OPE, LQE) 


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