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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2014-09-18 16:30
Reversible and robust audio watermarking based on spread spectrum and amplitude expansion in the integer-MDCT domain
Akira Nishimura (Tokyo Univ. of Information Sciences) LOIS2014-22 IE2014-35 EMM2014-52
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) The present study proposes a novel reversible and robust technique
for hiding data in audio. It is perfectly reversible for unmodified
stego signals and is semi-reversible for perceptually coded stego
signals. A robust payload is embedded based on direct
spread-spectrum of which the sequence is expressed by amplitude
expansion in time and frequency space of integer MDCT
coefficients. Simultaneously, a reversible payload is embedded into
the apertures in the amplitude histogram created by amplitude
expansion of the integer MDCT coefficients. Computer simulation was
conducted to evaluate the robustness and size of the reversible
payload for 20 music pieces. The amount of reversible payload was
approximately 4.8 kilo bits per second. MP3, tandem MP3 coding,
MPEG4AAC, and additive single delay of the stego signals revealed a
maximum bit error rate of less than 6.5% in 7.2-bits per second
robust payload. Objective quality measurement of the stego audio and
recovered audio from modified stego signal were conducted. The
results showed that the mean objective difference grade (ODG) was
higher than `perceptible, but not annoying'. Semi-reversibility of
the perceptual coded stego signals, i.e., removal of the robust
payload is confirmed by the ODGs of recovered audio that are close
to the ODGs of the perceptual coded host signals.
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) data hiding / copyright management / enrichment / IHC evaluation criteria / objective sound quality measurement / / /  
Reference Info. IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 114, no. 222, EMM2014-52, pp. 47-52, Sept. 2014.
Paper # EMM2014-52 
Date of Issue 2014-09-11 (LOIS, IE, EMM) 
ISSN Print edition: ISSN 0913-5685    Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380
Copyright
and
reproduction		 All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034)
Download PDF LOIS2014-22 IE2014-35 EMM2014-52

Conference Information
Committee IE EMM LOIS IEE-CMN ITE-ME  
Conference Date 2014-09-18 - 2014-09-19 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English)  
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English)  
Paper Information
Registration To EMM 
Conference Code 2014-09-IE-EMM-LOIS-CMN-ME 
Language Japanese 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) Reversible and robust audio watermarking based on spread spectrum and amplitude expansion in the integer-MDCT domain 
Sub Title (in English)  
Keyword(1) data hiding  
Keyword(2) copyright management  
Keyword(3) enrichment  
Keyword(4) IHC evaluation criteria  
Keyword(5) objective sound quality measurement  
Keyword(6)  
Keyword(7)  
Keyword(8)  
1st Author's Name Akira Nishimura  
1st Author's Affiliation Tokyo University of Information Sciences (Tokyo Univ. of Information Sciences)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2014-09-18 16:30:00 
Presentation Time 25 minutes 
Registration for EMM 
Paper # LOIS2014-22, IE2014-35, EMM2014-52 
Volume (vol) vol.114 
Number (no) no.220(LOIS), no.221(IE), no.222(EMM) 
Page pp.47-52 
#Pages 6 
Date of Issue 2014-09-11 (LOIS, IE, EMM) 

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