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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2021-03-04 13:45
[Poster Presentation] Study on Watermarking Method Using SIFT Feature Points and DFT Domain
Rinka Kawano, Masaki Kawamura (Yamaguchi Univ.) EMM2020-68
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) It is necessary for watermarking methods to resist geometric and non-geometric attacks. The SIFT feature-based methods which embed watermarks around SIFT feature points are proposed to resist the geometric attack. The method proposed by Hayashi and Kawamura is one of the feature-based methods. Their method embeds watermarks into the normalized DCT regions. Since the normalizing process causes degradation of image quality, we propose a method that uses DFT instead of DCT. The proposed method does not require normalization due to scale invariance in the DFT domain. Therefore, the method can be expected to improve the image quality. Each embedding region in the amplitude spectrum of DFT coefficient is divided into tracks and each track is divided into sectors. A single bit of watermark is embedded into all coefficients of a sector by using QIM. In this work, we optimized the number of sectors per track and the embedding strength of QIM. We also evaluated the robustness of watermarks by bit error rate (BER) and image quality by PSNR. As a result, the average PSNR was 36.4 dB, that is, the proposed method could improve image quality by about 2 dB over the conventional method. The method could also accomplish almost zero BER when no scaling was applied. However, BERs were more than 0.1 when the stego-images were reduced to 90¥% and it was less than 0.1 on average when the images were magnified to 110¥%. In summary, whereas the proposed method using DFT domain needs to improve BER for scaling images, it can improve quality of stego-images.
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Watermarking Method / SIFT feature points / IHC / Discrete Fourier Transform / / / /  
Reference Info. IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 120, no. 418, EMM2020-68, pp. 7-12, March 2021.
Paper # EMM2020-68 
Date of Issue 2021-02-25 (EMM) 
ISSN Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380
Copyright
and
reproduction		 All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034)
Download PDF EMM2020-68

Conference Information
Committee EMM  
Conference Date 2021-03-04 - 2021-03-05 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English) Online 
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English) Image and Sound Quality, Metrics for Perception and Recognition, Human Auditory and Visual System, etc. 
Paper Information
Registration To EMM 
Conference Code 2021-03-EMM 
Language Japanese 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) Study on Watermarking Method Using SIFT Feature Points and DFT Domain 
Sub Title (in English)  
Keyword(1) Watermarking Method  
Keyword(2) SIFT feature points  
Keyword(3) IHC  
Keyword(4) Discrete Fourier Transform  
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1st Author's Name Rinka Kawano  
1st Author's Affiliation Yamaguchi University (Yamaguchi Univ.)
2nd Author's Name Masaki Kawamura  
2nd Author's Affiliation Yamaguchi University (Yamaguchi Univ.)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2021-03-04 13:45:00 
Presentation Time 15 minutes 
Registration for EMM 
Paper # EMM2020-68 
Volume (vol) vol.120 
Number (no) no.418 
Page pp.7-12 
#Pages 6 
Date of Issue 2021-02-25 (EMM) 

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