講演抄録/キーワード |
講演名 |
2021-08-20 14:45
支援機器における科学的かつ実現可能性の高い臨床評価手法に関する予備的検討 ~ 発達障害などの個別性が高い事例への対応に向けて ~ ○白銀 暁(国立障害者リハビリテーションセンター) WIT2021-16 |
抄録 |
(和) |
障害者や高齢者らを支援する機器において,臨床使用あるいは関連する制度適用の判断に資するエビデンス構築への期待が高まっている.しかし,対象者の障害や機器の使用環境等の多様性から,ランダム化比較試験(RCT)などの大規模なグループ比較研究の実践は困難に思われた.実際,支援機器の評価に関連する査読付き論文を調査した結果,大規模試験は少なく,RCTは全体の5%程度であった.類似した問題を有する希少疾患治療薬や医療機器の開発分野では,少数被験者で科学性を高めるためのガイドラインが認められたが,推奨された手法の実践は容易でなく,また発達障害等の個別性が高い事例への対応はさらに困難であると考えられた.一方,疫学分野では個人を対象に因果関係を検討するn-of-1試験デザインが提案されており,グループ比較研究よりもそのような事例に適するように思われた.今後,その適用可能性等について検討を進めて行く. |
(英) |
As the growing field of assistive devices for people with disabilities and the elderly, the expectations of identifying and validating evidence is thriving on contribution to the decisions about clinical use and the application of related welfare systems. However, due to the facts including diversity of the subject's disability, environment of assistive device usage, and others, it seems hard to practice large-scale group comparative studies such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In fact, a survey of peer-reviewed articles related to the evaluation of assistive devices indicated that there were few large-scale trials, with RCT studies accounting for only about 5% of the total. In the field of development of drugs and medical devices for rare diseases, which have similar problems, guidelines were published to enhance scientificity with a small number of subjects. Although being not easy to implement the recommended methods into practice, and it was considered even more difficult to deal with highly individualized cases such as developmental disorders. Meanwhile, in the field of epidemiology, an n-of-1 study design was proposed to examine causal relationships in individuals, and the design seemed to be more suitable for highly individualized cases than group comparison studies. The applicability of the design to clinical evaluation will be discussed in the future. |
キーワード |
(和) |
支援技術 / 福祉用具 / 臨床試験 / N-of-1試験 / エビデンス / / / |
(英) |
Assistive technology / Welfare equipment / Clinical trials / N-of-1 trials / Evidence / / / |
文献情報 |
信学技報, vol. 121, no. 142, WIT2021-16, pp. 17-22, 2021年8月. |
資料番号 |
WIT2021-16 |
発行日 |
2021-08-13 (WIT) |
ISSN |
Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380 |
著作権に ついて |
技術研究報告に掲載された論文の著作権は電子情報通信学会に帰属します.(許諾番号:10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034) |
PDFダウンロード |
WIT2021-16 |