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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2026-03-02 13:30
An Empirical Study of Automated LLM-Based UML Model Review in Modeling Education
Junsei Fukushima, Hironori Washizaki, Naoyasu Ubayashi (Waseda Univ.) SS2025-35
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Unified Modeling Language (UML) plays an important role in software engineering education, yet assessing diagrams made by students remain labor-intensive and imperfect. This paper empirically investigates the possibility of Large Language
Models (LLMs) as automated, rubric-driven reviewers. Using Gemini-based evaluation framework, we analyze both lecture-based individual assignments and project-based team exercises, covering class diagrams, use case diagrams, use case descriptions, and
communication diagrams. Part of this study was conducted in software engineering course at Waseda University, reflecting authentic instructional practices and evaluation criteria. Our study identifies recurring quality issues in student UML models and
reveals systematic weaknesses, especially in relationship semantics and inter-diagram consistency. In addition, we quantify the gap between students' perceived engagement changes and actual achievement using a Motivation–Score Gap metric derived from
LLM feedback and questionnaire results. The results indicate that despite the existence of certain gap, LLM-based reviews can provide actionable and fine-grained feedback, supporting in intuitively understandable suggestions and highlighting pedagogically
critical modeling deficiencies. These findings suggest that LLM as a reviewer can provide several pedagogical values to both educators and learners.
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) UML Modeling / LLM / Automated Evaluation / Motivation-Score Gap / Software Engineering Education / / /  
Reference Info. IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 125, no. 376, SS2025-35, pp. 31-36, March 2026.
Paper # SS2025-35 
Date of Issue 2026-02-23 (SS) 
ISSN Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380
Copyright
and
reproduction		 All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034)
Download PDF SS2025-35

Conference Information
Committee SS  
Conference Date 2026-03-02 - 2026-03-04 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English) Tsushimashi Koryu Center 
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English)  
Paper Information
Registration To SS 
Conference Code 2026-03-SS 
Language English (Japanese title is available) 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) An Empirical Study of Automated LLM-Based UML Model Review in Modeling Education 
Sub Title (in English)  
Keyword(1) UML Modeling  
Keyword(2) LLM  
Keyword(3) Automated Evaluation  
Keyword(4) Motivation-Score Gap  
Keyword(5) Software Engineering Education  
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1st Author's Name Junsei Fukushima  
1st Author's Affiliation Waseda University (Waseda Univ.)
2nd Author's Name Hironori Washizaki  
2nd Author's Affiliation Waseda University (Waseda Univ.)
3rd Author's Name Naoyasu Ubayashi  
3rd Author's Affiliation Waseda University (Waseda Univ.)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2026-03-02 13:30:00 
Presentation Time 25 minutes 
Registration for SS 
Paper # SS2025-35 
Volume (vol) vol.125 
Number (no) no.376 
Page pp.31-36 
#Pages 6 
Date of Issue 2026-02-23 (SS) 

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