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| 講演名 | 2010-08-05 15:35 統語的プライミングと言語発達の関連性 ○新井 学（理研/東大）・馬塚れい子（理研）  TL2010-18 |
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| 抄録 | （和） | (事前公開アブストラクト) Syntactic priming is a widely observed phenomenon that a previous experience to a specific syntactic structure facilitates subsequent processing of the same structure. It has been shown that syntactic priming occurs in comprehension as well as in production, suggesting that it taps into representation of syntactic knowledge that is commonly accessed between production and comprehension [7]. It has also been shown that the effect can be rather long-lasting [2]. Following these results, some researchers claim that syntactic priming underlies the process in which we, both children and adults, acquire syntactic information through processing (“learning-as-processing assumption”, [3]). Such an account naturally assumes a close relationship between priming of a syntactic structure and language user’s ability to process the structure. However, there is little evidence for the link between learning/processing and syntactic priming. One reason is that previous studies have focused on priming of already familiar, thus easy to process, structures with adults (for exception, see [5]). There are in fact several studies that showed syntactic priming with young children but none of the studies demonstrated a relationship between children’s processing ability and syntactic priming [1, 4, 10]. The current study investigated this by using visual world eye-tracking paradigm [9]. We tested 5- and 6-year-old children with Japanese passive construction as this particular syntactic structure is known to be difficult even for children of this age [8]. In the experiment, the participants first heard a prime sentence, which was either an active or a passive sentence while seeing a visual scene which depicts a simple event. They then heard a target sentence such as (1) while seeing a new unrelated scene. The target scene depicted two events, where a central character was involved in both events as an agent for one and as a patient for the other [6]. Importantly, before hearing the second noun, the sentence is ambiguous between active and passive construction. To examine their ability to process the passive construction, we included comprehension questions following passive targets. The results from comprehension questions showed that 6-year-olds made more correct responses and produced more passive constructions compared to 5-year-olds, which suggests that 6-year-olds processed the passive construction better than 5-year-olds. The results of eye-movements showed the effect of priming with the passive construction, which manifested as more visual attention given to the agent object following passive primes than active primes. More importantly, the results of eye-movements reflected the difference in processing ability found with the comprehension questions; the magnitude of the priming effect was much greater for 6-year-olds than for 5-year-olds. The results demonstrate a close relationship between syntactic priming and language user’s processing ability which is grounded on their syntactic knowledge. 1a. Saru-san ga kyuni Kirin-san wo tutuita. (ACTIVE TARGET) monkey (agent) suddenly giraffe (patient) poke ‘The monkey suddenly poked the giraffe’ 1b. Saru-san ga kyuni Buta-san ni tukamareta. (PASSIVE TARGET) monkey (patient) suddenly pig (agent) grabbed ‘The monkey was suddenly grabbed by the pig’ |
| （英） | (Advance abstract in Japanese is available) | |
| キーワード | （和） | / / / / / / / |
| （英） | / / / / / / / | |
| 文献情報 | 信学技報, vol. 110, no. 163, TL2010-18, pp. 43-48, 2010年8月. | |
| 資料番号 | TL2010-18 | |
| 発行日 | 2010-07-29 (TL) | |
| ISSN | Print edition: ISSN 0913-5685 Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380 | |
| 著作権に ついて |
技術研究報告に掲載された論文の著作権は電子情報通信学会に帰属します．(許諾番号：10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034) | |
| PDFダウンロード | TL2010-18 |
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| 研究会情報 | |
| 研究会 | TL |
| 開催期間 | 2010-08-05 - 2010-08-06 |
| 開催地（和） | 機械振興会館 |
| 開催地（英） | Kikai-Shinko-Kaikan Bldg. |
| テーマ（和） | 人間の言語処理と学習 |
| テーマ（英） | Human Sentence Processing and Production/learning |
| 講演論文情報の詳細 | |
| 申込み研究会 | TL |
| 会議コード | 2010-08-TL |
| 本文の言語 | 英語（日本語タイトルあり） |
| タイトル（和） | 統語的プライミングと言語発達の関連性 |
| サブタイトル（和） | |
| タイトル（英） | Linking syntactic priming to language development: a visual world eye-tracking study |
| サブタイトル（英） | |
| キーワード(1)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(2)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(3)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(4)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(5)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(6)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(7)（和/英） | / |
| キーワード(8)（和/英） | / |
| 第1著者 氏名（和/英/ヨミ） | 新井 学 / Manabu Arai / アライ マナブ |
| 第1著者 所属（和/英） | 理化学研究所/東京大学 (略称： 理研/東大) Riken Brain Science Institute Laboratories for Language Development/University of Tokyo. (略称： Riken/Univ. of Tokyo.) |
| 第2著者 氏名（和/英/ヨミ） | 馬塚 れい子 / Reiko Mazuka / マヅカ レイコ |
| 第2著者 所属（和/英） | 理化学研究所 (略称： 理研) Riken Brain Science Institute Laboratories for Language Development (略称： Riken) |
| 講演者 | 第1著者 |
| 発表日時 | 2010-08-05 15:35:00 |
| 発表時間 | 135分 |
| 申込先研究会 | TL |
| 資料番号 | TL2010-18 |
| 巻番号（vol） | vol.110 |
| 号番号（no） | no.163 |
| ページ範囲 | pp.43-48 |
| ページ数 | 6 |
| 発行日 | 2010-07-29 (TL) |
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