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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2026-03-06 09:55
Vehicles as a Communication Infrastructure -- UDP-Encapsulated Multipath Communication over Local 5G and NTN --
Kengo Sasaki (TCRDL), Akihiro Nakao (UT) NS2025-308
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) The growing demand for mobile communications has led to localized traffic congestion in densely populated environments. We study a scenario in which vehicles act as communication relays to offload mobile traffic to non-terrestrial networks (NTN). This paper proposes a multipath communication method that enables dynamic
switching between mobile networks and NTN using UDP encapsulation. Uplink communication uses mobile networks, while downlink communication is dynamically selected between mobile networks and NTN. Experimental evaluations using Local 5G and Starlink show that UDP communication incurs minimal throughput degradation,
whereas TCP throughput may degrade due to packet reordering caused by encapsulation. We further demonstrate that delay-based congestion control algorithms such as BBR are effective in dynamic link-switching environments.
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Multi-path communication / Local 5G / Non-Terrestrial Network / UDP capsulation / / / /  
Reference Info. IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 125, no. 385, NS2025-308, pp. 514-519, March 2026.
Paper # NS2025-308 
Date of Issue 2026-02-25 (NS) 
ISSN Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380
Copyright
and
reproduction		 All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034)
Download PDF NS2025-308

Conference Information
Committee IN NS  
Conference Date 2026-03-04 - 2026-03-06 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English) Okinawa-Ken Shichoson Jichi Kaikan 
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English) General 
Paper Information
Registration To NS 
Conference Code 2026-03-IN-NS 
Language Japanese 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) Vehicles as a Communication Infrastructure 
Sub Title (in English) UDP-Encapsulated Multipath Communication over Local 5G and NTN 
Keyword(1) Multi-path communication  
Keyword(2) Local 5G  
Keyword(3) Non-Terrestrial Network  
Keyword(4) UDP capsulation  
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1st Author's Name Kengo Sasaki  
1st Author's Affiliation TOYOTA CENTRAL R&D LABS.,INC. (TCRDL)
2nd Author's Name Akihiro Nakao  
2nd Author's Affiliation The University of Tokyo (UT)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2026-03-06 09:55:00 
Presentation Time 25 minutes 
Registration for NS 
Paper # NS2025-308 
Volume (vol) vol.125 
Number (no) no.385 
Page pp.514-519 
#Pages 6 
Date of Issue 2026-02-25 (NS) 

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