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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2014-08-13 14:00
[Invited Talk] The interaction of working memory and expectation-based processes in sentence comprehension
Shravan Vasishth, Samar Husain (Univ. of Potsdam) TL2014-32
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Husain and colleagues [1] have shown using self-paced reading that, in Hindi, when the expectation for an upcoming head is strong (i.e., when the exact identity of a head is highly predictable), delaying the appearance of the head leads to facilitation in processing (the anti-locality effect); but when the expectation is weak (i.e., when only a verb is highly predictable, but its exact identity is not), increasing distance leads to a tendency towards a classical locality effect of the type that Grodner and Gibson have found [2]. Building on this work, two self-paced reading experiments involving Hindi show that strong and weak expectation (in the sense of Husain and colleagues) interacts with reactivation, which has been proposed as an explanation for anti-locality effects [3]. The reactivation explanation for anti-locality effects is that
increasing distance by interposing material between a dependent and a head can result in facilitation in processing at the head if the interposed material attaches to the upcoming head, because this attachment process boosts the activation of the predicted head phrase.
We show that when expectation is weak (i.e., when the exact identity of a verb is not predictable), reactivation effects appear, and when expectation is strong, reactivation effects disappear. This result suggests that strong expectation may lead to high activation of the predicted phrase, with the consequence that reactivating an already highly active element yields no processing advantage; by contrast, when expectation is weak (in Husain et al's sense), the activation of the predicted phrase is low, with the consequence that reactivating a phrase with low activation leads to an activation boost, causing a facilitation in processing. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of an interaction between (re)activation and expectation in sentence comprehension.
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) sentence comprehension / expectation / locality / reactivation / self-paced reading / Hindi / /  
Reference Info. IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 114, no. 176, TL2014-32, pp. 113-114, Aug. 2014.
Paper # TL2014-32 
Date of Issue 2014-08-05 (TL) 
ISSN Print edition: ISSN 0913-5685    Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380
Copyright
and
reproduction		 All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034)
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Conference Information
Committee TL  
Conference Date 2014-08-12 - 2014-08-13 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English) The University of Tokyo (Komaba) 18 Bldg. Hall 
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English) Mental Architecture for Processing and Learning of Language 
Paper Information
Registration To TL 
Conference Code 2014-08-TL 
Language English 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) The interaction of working memory and expectation-based processes in sentence comprehension 
Sub Title (in English)  
Keyword(1) sentence comprehension  
Keyword(2) expectation  
Keyword(3) locality  
Keyword(4) reactivation  
Keyword(5) self-paced reading  
Keyword(6) Hindi  
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Keyword(8)  
1st Author's Name Shravan Vasishth  
1st Author's Affiliation University of Potsdam (Univ. of Potsdam)
2nd Author's Name Samar Husain  
2nd Author's Affiliation University of Potsdam (Univ. of Potsdam)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2014-08-13 14:00:00 
Presentation Time 50 minutes 
Registration for TL 
Paper # TL2014-32 
Volume (vol) vol.114 
Number (no) no.176 
Page pp.113-114 
#Pages 2 
Date of Issue 2014-08-05 (TL) 

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